Journal of Building Technology

The bionic building epidermis driven by group intelligence simulates the synergistic mechanism of biological group and combines the intelligent algorithm with the principle of biological community to form an innovative system of dynamic response and low carbon synergy. This system, with distributed decision-making framework as the core, through the sensor network real-time sensing environmental parameters (light, temperature and humidity, CO2 concentration, etc.), using the ant colony algorithm (ACO), particle swarm optimization (PSO) group intelligent algorithm to realize the epidermis unit organization coordination, dynamic adjusting shading, ventilation, power generation, and other functions, significantly improves energy efficiency and carbon sink capacity. Typical cases show that this kind of epidermis can reduce building energy consumption by 35-60%, and achieve annual carbon sequestration by 5-18 kg/m². At the same time, resource cycle and carbon negative operation are realized through material regeneration (such as self-repair biological concrete) and bio-mechanical hybrid system (microalgae-photovoltaic symbiosis). Despite the challenges of stability, cost, and standardization, the "building as an ecosystem" paradigm provides a programmable and scalable technological path for global carbon-neutral goals.